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Different wavelengths of light penetrate to different depths below the skin surface and are absorbed by different skin or tissue components. For example CO2 and Erbium laser light is absorbed by the water in cells exposed to it. Flahslamp laser light is absorbed by red blood cells. Nd:Yag laser light is absorbed by skin pigment cell melanin and tattoo pigment. Since the eyes contain water, pigment cells, red blood cells etc they can be damaged if exposed to most laser lights either directly or indirectly (from reflected laser light). Even the laser pointers used by lecturers can damage the eye if pointed directly into the eye. Some lasers such as the CO2 have a beam whose wavelength is not visible by the human eye but they can still cause damage to the eye. The CO2 and Erbium will damage the cornea and surface of the eyeball first. Flashlamp and vascular lasers are absorbed by red blood cells and are the most damaging to the eye as they are absorbed by and damage the retina.
