Online Physician Rating and Ranking Services are Biased and Unreliable

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A study of online physician review, rating and ranking services such as Angie’s List, healthgrades.com, RateMds.com, Vitals.com, and Yelp.com by professors of the University of Maryland’s Robert H. Smith School of Business and the School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota found that they are biased and unreliable. This is particularly worrisome as physician ratings are gaining popularity among patients and an increasing number of patients consult these rankings before making an appointment to see a prospective surgeon. According to a 2010 Pew Internet and Life Project survey,  59% of U.S. adults have looked online for health information.

Diabetes and Cosmetic Surgery

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Diabetes in all its forms (diet controlled, medication controlled and insulin controlled) impacts all surgery patients.  Since diabetics are more prone to coronary artery disease and blood chemistry alterations they require more extensive lab work including electrocardiograms before surgery and should be medically cleared for surgery by their internist. After surgery their healing time is prolonged, fluid balance is altered and they are more prone to infection. Therefore care after surgery including insulin doses should be performed under the guidance of the physician who medically cleared the patient for surgery accounting for the type of surgery performed and the patient's condition.

The difference between panniculectomy and abdominoplasty - tummy tuck

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Abdominoplasty or tummy tuck is a cosmetic procedure that involves placement of horizontal lower abdominal and around the belly button incisions. The abdominal skin is then tightened by separating the skin and fat layer from the muscle layer, pulling down the upper edge of the incision and creating a new hole for the belly button higher up on the skin that has now been stretched downward. In most cases suture tightening of the abdominal muscles is also performed. In some cases additional tightening for very loose muscle is achieved by placing additional vertical and/or horizontal rows of sutures. The result is frequently improved by liposuction peformed at the same operation. It is not a medically necessary procedure and therefore not covered by health insurance unless the excess skin and/or fat is required to close an open wound or reconstruct a breast after breast cancer surgery rather than being removed for cosmetic reasons.

Breast Implants and Bodybuilding

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Female body builders in general have little body fat and the process can also melt away breast tissue. Refilling the breast skin envelope is then challenging in this situation because there is so too little fat or breast tissue to cover the edges of a breast implant placed on top of the muscle. So saline implants above the muscle are out of the question. Implants placed under the muscle are even more problematic because the pressures or forces applied to them during weight lifting can rupture the implant or more commonly shift them out of position. I saw one patient who while bench pressing squeezed her implant out of position so it formed an unsightly U-shape around the lower border of the pectoralis major chest muscle.

The only answer although not optimal is a cohesive gel breast implant placed on top of the chest muscle and in selective cases the addition of acellular dermal matrix to ensure the edges of the implant and rippling are not visible, although that is costly and is not be the right choice for all such patients.

Breast Implants Augmentation and a Natural Look
Aaron Stone MD - Plastic Surgeon Los Angeles
Aaron Stone MD - twitter

Bite a breast implant and die

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An Israeli model Orit Fox, 28, was doing a photo shoot for Spanish television network Telecino in Tel Aviv that required her to embrace a snake. Shortly after starting the shoot she licked the snake's head with her tongue. It then recoiled and bit her left breast containing a silicone breast implant. An assistant then rushed in to remove the snake from her breast. The model was taken to a nearby hospital where she received a tetanus shot. The snake died from silicone poisoning. No autopsy is planned for the snake and apparently no charges will be filed. Snake bites are a more common occupational hazard of modeling than I had previously thought.


Aaron Stone MD - Plastic Surgeon Los Angeles
Aaron Stone MD - twitter

Awake Cosmetic Surgery - Surgery Without Anesthesia

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The new and aggressively marketed Awake cosmetic surgery is performed under local anesthesia only without even an IV. Some doctors will add a mix or cocktail of oral medications such as valium. These procedures are heavily advertised as a cheaper, safer and more medically advanced alternatives to liposuction, abdominoplasty and breast enhancement surgery, especially liposuction. Awake surgery ads promise that patients remain lucid throughout the operation able to interact with their doctor and even voice opinions about such things as breast implant size at prices less than half of conventional surgery with general anesthesia. They may even propose surgery a doctor’s cozy office, not in an intimidating outpatient surgical center or hospital, which is dangerous distortion of the facts.

Mixed Martial Arts MMA and Plastic Surgery

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When most people think about plastic surgery and mixed martial arts (MMA), boxing etc they think of broken noses, facial bone fractures, cauliflower ears, skin abrasions and cuts. In unarmed fighting the skin is torn open when an outside blunt force pushes that skin against the edge of a bone. You see this frequently in boxing matches with skin around the eye socket being torn open. In boxing they put pressure on the tear while the boxer is in the corner to stop the bleeding. Some fighters have a facial bone structure with less edges or flatter surface contour. These fighters are less susceptible to having tears in the skin when struck. For both boxers and MMA fighters these tears are usually sutured by non-plastic surgeons who just suture the outer layer of the skin. After these heal there is a thinner layer of tissue between the skin surface and the edge of the bone. This condition leaves the fighter more susceptible to another tear in the skin when it is struck. The blow could even be an otherwise inconsequential one.

Some of these fighters are now undergoing surgery to rasp or burr down these bone edges. At the same time the deeper layers that separated at the time of the initial injury are repaired and/or the surgeon inserts an acellular dermal matrix (commercially available human skin collagen without skin cells) to increase the tissue between the skin surface and the bone. This so to speak softens the blow.

The question remains whether athletic commissions will allow this or will they consider this performance enhancement comparable to anabolic steroids and ban it.

Aaron Stone MD - Plastic Surgeon Los Angeles
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Cosmetic Surgery for Men Increased in 2010

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Statistics released this week by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons revealed increases in male patients undergoing plastic surgery in 2010.

The noted percentage increases for surgical (denoted by *) and non-surgical procedures were:
1) Facelift* – 14% Increase
2) Ear Surgery* (Otoplasty) – 11% Increase
3) Soft Tissue Fillers – 10% Increase
4) Botulinum Toxin Type A – 9% Increase
5) Liposuction* – 7% Increase
6) Breast Reduction in Men* – 6% Increase

2010 Top Five Male Cosmetic Surgical Procedures were:

1) Nose Reshaping (64,000)
2) Eyelid Surgery (31,000)
3) Liposuction (24,000)
4) Breast Reduction in Men (18,000)
5) Hair Transplantation (13,000)

2010 Top Five Male Cosmetic Minimally-Invasive Procedures were:

1) Botulinum Toxin Type A (337,000)
2) Laser Hair Removal (165,000)
3) Microdermabrasion (158,000)
4) Chemical Peel (90,000)
5) Soft Tissue Fillers (78,000)

Aaron Stone MD - Plastic Surgeon Los Angeles
Aaron Stone MD - twitter

Medical Tourism - Going Abroad for Discount Plastic Surgery

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Medical tourism refers to patients traveling far from home for plastic surgery, usually to another country, for discounted services or perceived care that cannot be obtained at home. A 2008 survey by the consulting firm Deloitte, estimated that 750,000 Americans traveled abroad for medical care in 2007 and projected that the number would rise to 1.6 million annually by 2012. There is nothing inherently wrong with doing this. I as well as many of my colleagues here in Los Angeles receive patients from many parts of the world such as China, the middle east, Europe, Latin America etc. Although you can find good doctors and appropriate care all over the world as a prospective patient you have to do your due diligence before committing yourself to plastic surgery anywhere be it India, Thailand or even the United States. Surgeon and facility qualifications outside your home country may not be verifiable. Vacation destinations may not have formal medical accreditation boards to certify physicians or medical facilities. The criteria you use to search for a surgeon should not change just because he/she is in a different country. (see my web page how to choose a plastic surgeon) Above all else do not let the price tag blind you to the quality of care. Devices and products used may not meet U.S. standards. Cosmetic surgery products or devices used in other countries may not have been tested, proven safe and effective, or been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For example, an implant used in the United States must meet standards of safety and effectiveness, a process regulated by the FDA. Other countries may not have similar regulations.

I recently saw a patient who had breast implants placed in Mexico. Although the implant manufacturer made implants that were FDA approved for use in the USA her specific implants were not. They were only legal in Mexico. Breasts implants at a quarter of the price in your home country may sound to good to pass up but if you do not do your due diligence in researching the care it could end up costing you a lot more than surgery at home. It can even cost you your life.

Breast Implants and Lymphoma Cancer

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Patients with either saline- or silicone gel–filled breast implants may have a very small but significant risk for a rare cancer called anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), a cancer of the immune system, adjacent to the implant. This is currently under investigation and its existence should be considered if there is a build up or collection around the implant (seroma) years after the original surgery. Because the risk is very small the current policy is one of data collection only and no changes have been recommended for the use of breast implants or the frequency of follow up after breast implant surgery. The FDA continues to state that breast implants are "safe and effective when used as labeled."